Providing problem solving and educational information for topics related to industrial steam, hot water systems, industrial valves, valve automation, HVAC, and process automation. Have a question? Give us a call at (800) 892-2769 | www.meadobrien.com
Happy New Year from Mead O'Brien
With 2017 coming to a close, all of us at Mead O'Brien wanted to reach out and send our best wishes to our customers, our vendors, and our friends! We hope that 2018 holds success and good fortune for all of you.
Process Temperature Sensors: Basics of Thermocouples and RTDs
Industrial Thermocouple (Ashcroft) |
Thermocouples consist of a junction formed with dissimilar metal conductors. The contact point of the conductors generates a small voltage that is related to the temperature of the junction. There are a number of metals used for the conductors, with different combinations used to produce an array of temperature ranges and accuracy. A defining characteristic of thermocouples is the need to use extension wire of the same type as the junction wires, in order to assure proper function and accuracy.
Here are some generalized thermocouple characteristics.
- Various conductor combinations can provide a wide range of operable temperatures (-200°C to +2300°C).
- Sensor accuracy can deteriorate over time.
- Sensors are comparatively less expensive than RTD.
- Stability of sensor output is not as good as RTD.
- Sensor response is fast due to low mass.
- Assemblies are generally rugged and not prone to damage from vibration and moderate mechanical shock.
- Sensor tip is the measuring point.
- Reference junction is required for correct measurement.
- No external power is required.
- Matching extension wire is needed.
- Sensor design allows for small diameter assemblies.
Industrial RTD (Ashcroft) |
Some generalized RTD attributes:
- Sensor provides good measurement accuracy, superior to thermocouple.
- Operating temperature range (-200° to +850°C) is less than that of thermocouple.
- Sensor exhibits long term stability.
- Response to process change can be slow.
- Excitation current source is required for operation.
- Copper extension wire can be used to connect sensor to instruments.
- Sensors can exhibit a degree of self-heating error.
- Resistance coil makes assemblies less rugged than thermocouples.
- Cost is comparatively higher.
Metso Neles T5 Series Top Entry Rotary Ball Valves
Metso's Neles® T5 series top entry rotary ball valves are designed to meet the requirements of chemical, petro-chemical and refining industries with improved process safety and efficiency of plant.
T5 series valves with famous trunnion mounted Stemball® design are suitable with wide rangeability for demanding heavy duty rotary control applications such as crude oil, hot residual oil, LPG and other hydrocarbon gases and vapors under medium and high pressures.
Unique Stemball® design combined with anti-cavitation and low noise Q-trim technology are making the T5 series valve most suitable with wide rangeability for demanding control applications like anti surge and blow down services. The new high noise reduction Q2-trim is available for gas applications.
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Process Control Basics: The Underlying Principle Behind Coriolis Flowmeters
The Coriolis effect, a derivative of Newtonian motion mechanics, describes the force resulting from the acceleration of a mass moving to (or from) the center of rotation. As this video demonstrates, the flowing water in a loop of flexible hose that is “swung” back and forth in front of the body with both hands. Because the water is flowing toward and away from the hands, opposite forces are generated and cause the hose to twist. Coriolis flowmeters apply this principle to measure fluid flow.
For more information on any process flow application, contact Mead O'Brien by calling
(800) 892-2769 or by visiting https://www.meadobrien.com.
For more information on any process flow application, contact Mead O'Brien by calling
(800) 892-2769 or by visiting https://www.meadobrien.com.
Pharmaceutical and Biotech Valve Communication Networks
Valve Communication Network |
Automated valve systems that help reduce installation costs through easy set up, faster commissioning, and enhanced valve identification are being embraced in these industries. Features such as bright electronic indication, combined with optional remote wireless access systems, provide enhanced risk management and improved safety, which subsequently lowers overall cost.
Demands for higher product purity and productivity is pressuring Pharma and Biotech companies to make investments in new technologies that deliver improved quality and competitive agility. Process control systems, and specifically valve communication systems, are evolving to support these changes. The most significant changes to valve communications systems are:
Size
Precision
Solid state continuous sensors increase reliability and provide precise position measurement compared to legacy mechanical or proximity-reed technology. These solid state sensors also allow for more sophisticated valve diagnostics, leading to reduced maintenance costs over the valve system's life cycle.
Predictive Maintenance
The information available for critical valve operating parameters allow operators to see potential problems early, thereby reducing the risk and potential expense from lost production and downtime. Remote valve function monitoring, which includes sensor temperature and cycle count, extends the life of critical valves and helps maintenance staff circumvent a problem before it causes a dangerous situation.
StoneL Axiom |
Wireless communications and control modules allow operators to access difficult to reach valve systems safely, securely and conveniently. Critical situations are known and dealt with immediately from safe locations, and away from potentially dangerous areas or circumstances.
Remote Access and Data Collection
Typical modern valve communication networks provide tremendous advantages over traditional valve monitoring systems, namely:
Typical modern valve communication networks provide tremendous advantages over traditional valve monitoring systems, namely:
- Access devices up to 50 meters, depending on obstructions
- Monitor on or off line and set open and closed switch positions
- Monitor and set the network address
- Operate solenoid valve(s) (if network- or power supply-enabled)
- Identify model and serial number (preset from factory)
- Identify valve automation components (entered by valve supplier)
- Log maintenance information
- Monitor diagnostics (valve cycle count, electronics temperature, and more)
- Lockout of settings automatically when in operation
Solutions
Combining components such as StoneL’s Prism or Axiom platforms with a DeviceNet or AS-Interface protocol system to interconnect your automated valves will lower your construction costs and install faster than conventional systems. Additionally, using valve monitoring apps such as StoneL Wireless Link with standard iPads or iPhones provide further cost savings and security is assured. Maintenance schedules based on calendar days are no longer required - with access to cycle count data, you can perform valve maintenance when it is truly needed and replace parts prior to wearing out.
To discuss any valve networking application, contact Mead O'Brien by visiting https://www.meadobrien.com or by calling (800) 892-2769.
StoneL Prism PI |
Example of StoneL Wireless Link on iPhone. |
Understanding Vortex Shedding Flow Technology
Foxboro Vortex Shedding Flowmeter. Notice the shedder bar in the flow path. |
Photograph of vortices (credit Jürgen Wagner via Wikipedia) |
Principles of Operation
A "shedder" bar (also known as a bluff body) in the path of
Animation of vortices (credit Cesareo de La Rosa Siqueira via Wikipedia) |
Typical Areas of Use
Vortex shedding flowmeters are used on steam, cryogenic liquids, hydrocarbons, air, feed water, and industrial gases.
Applications to Avoid
Splitting higher viscosity fluids into concordant vertices is extremely difficult due to the internal friction present, so using vortex shedding flowmeters on high viscosity media should be avoided. Also, avoid applications with low flow rates and low Reynolds Numbers, as the vortices created are unstable.
Consideration for Use
Consideration must be given to applications with low Reynolds numbers, as the generation of vortices declines at critical points of reduced velocity. Low pressure can also be a problem in this regard. Users must take Reynolds number, velocity, and density into consideration before choosing a vortex shedding flow meter. As always, it's best to discuss your application with an knowledgable support professional before specifying, purchasing, or installing this type of flowmeter.
Watch the video below for more information on vortex flow technology.
For more information on vortex shedding flowmeters, visit https://www.meadobrien.com or call (800) 892-2769.
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Inverted Submerged Bucket Steam Traps: How They Work
Cutaway diagram of the Armstrong Inverted Bucket Trap. |
Condensate entering the trap changes the bucket to a weight that sinks and opens the trap valve to discharge the condensate. Unlike other mechanical traps, the inverted bucket also vents air and carbon dioxide continuously at steam temperature.
This simple principle of condensate removal was introduced by Armstrong International in 1911. Years of improvement in materials and manufacturing have made today’s Armstrong inverted bucket traps virtually unmatched in operating efficiency, dependability and long life.
For more information on Armstrong steam traps, visit http://www.meadobrien.com or call (800) 892-2769.
Fixed Point Gas Monitoring
Fixed Point Gas Monitors (GfG) |
Due to the variation in facilities and associated industrial purposes, the applicability and customization of fixed point monitors must be adaptable. The gases typically monitored by fixed point systems are industrial staples. Natural gas (methane) and hydrogen are inherently dangerous to work with due to both their combustible nature and flammability. Carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and chlorine are especially dangerous to those who work in and around facilities where they are used or produced, while otherwise harmless gases such as nitrogen can cause oxygen displacement leading to asphyxiation. Around-the-clock is the only way to monitor and mitigate the potential impact of such volatile substances; thanks to automation, the ability to be constantly vigilant of threats related to gases is possible.
Sensing and evaluating these types of gases is a complex process, yet one which also showcases the powers of the associated technology. International certification standards like ATEX (derived from a French regulation acronym) and SIL (the safety integrity level) allow designers of gas detectors to match their products with the necessary parameters to ensure safe working environments. For example, one manufacturer's electrochemical gas sensor operates based on a principle involving two electrodes; the first electrode senses the toxic gas, and then the second electrode receives protons generated by the sensing electrode through an ion conductor. Output current which flows to an external circuit is proportional to the concentration of gas, therefore the current generated is measurable as an indicator of gas levels. Despite the fact that these sensors are primarily used in industry, there is also the potential for domestic applicability, automotive process control, and air quality control, among other uses. The different technological and practical applications of fixed point gas monitors allow for industry professionals to safely and capably navigate working environmental hazards for personnel and process protection.
For more information on fixed point gas detection, contact Mead O'Brien by visiting http://www.meadobrien.com or calling (800) 892-2769.
The Neles B1 Series Actuator
Neles B1 Series |
When "stay put" is the requirement, the double acting B1C series is the choice. This series is available in several sizes with torque outputs from 40 Nm to 100 000 Nm (29.5 lbf ft to 73 756 lbf ft) for maximum supply pressure of 10 bar (145 psi).
If a failure mode is required, the spring return B1J series should be selected. This line offers a self-contained spring cartridge to provide failure in either the open or closed position. The spring return actuators are available with a mid-range spring for a 4 bar (58 psi) supply range, a lighter spring for lower supply pressure of 3 bar (44 psi) range and a stronger spring for a 5.5 bar (80 psi) range. These actuators offer torque outputs from 25 Nm to 12000 Nm (18,5 lbf ft to 8851 lbf ft) for maximum supply pressure of 8.5 bar (124 psi).
Adjustable travel stops
As with any Neles pneumatic/hydraulic actuator, adjustable travel stops are standard for both the open and closed positions. End of stroke turning angle range is 85° to 95°. Optional travel stops 0° to 90° are also available.
Wear resistant bearings
High quality bearings provide support on the upper and lower portions of the lever arm to reduce friction and expand the life of both the lever arm and the housing.
Corrosion resistance
The epoxy painted actuators have housings of rugged cast iron, with light-weight aluminum cylinders anodized for added corrosion resistance. Travel stops are stainless steel.
Self-contained spring cartridge
The springs in the B1J actuator are contained in a cartridge for added reliability and easy maintenance.
Spring to open or close capability
The standard spring return actuator on the ball valve can provide spring-to-close or spring-to-open operation sim- ply by changing the mounting position by 90°. On a high performance butterfly valve, the standard unit offers spring-to-close operation. An optional B1JA model is available for spring-to-open requirements.
High-and-low temperature construction
The standard unit can be used in temperatures up to 70 °C (158 °F). High temperature construction is available for temperatures up to 120 °C (248 °F). The standard unit can be used down to -20 °C (-4 °F). A low temperature design is available for -40° to +70 °C (-40° to 158 °F ), arctic service please refer type coding.
High cycle option
For applications where very fast and high frequency operation is required.
ATEX compatibility
Actuator construction ATEX approved.
Oversized cylinder options
The oversized cylinders (B1C 60, 75, 602, 752) are used whenever the supply pressure is limited, thus the actuators can achieve the required torques with a lower supply pressure level.
Override options
Available override devices include a manual centerpiece handle, a manual handwheel override, and a manual hydraulic override for high torque applications.
Emergency shut-down
Emergency Shut-Down (ESD) valves utilizing B1J actuators are offered to assure operation in the event of a fire or plant malfunction.
For more information about Metso Neles actuators, visit http://www.meadobrien.com or call (800) 892-2769.
Foxboro IMT25 Flow Transmitter Quick Start Video and IOM - Everything You Need
The Foxboro® brand Model IMT25 Intelligent Magnetic Flow Transmitter uses a pulsed dc technique to excite the Models 8000A, 8300, 9100A, 9200A, 9300A, and 2800 Magnetic Flowtube coils, and convert the low level signal voltage to a digital, 4 to 20 mA, or pulse output.
FEATURES
- Digital precision, stability, and resolution ensure top measurement performance.
- Remote communication with HART communication protocol. (For FOUNDATION Fieldbus protocol, refer to PSS 1-6F5 B.)
- Remote configuration using PC-based configurator or HART Communicator.
- Local configuration using optional integral keypad, with backlighted, 2-line, LCD display.
- Scaled pulse or frequency output.
- Unidirectional or bidirectional flow.
- Analog output programmable for unidirectional, bidirectional, or multiple input range.
- Relay outputs with programmable functionality for alarms.
- Contact inputs with programmable functionality for remote operation.
- Automatic and manual zero lock.
- Online diagnostic help.
- Software configuration and totals protected in nonvolatile memory in the event of power loss.
- Compact single or dual compartment.
- Enclosure meets NEMA 4X and IEC IP66.
- Field test mode using Foxboro Model IMTSIM Magnetic Flowtube Simulator.
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